Once this information is available, it becomes much easier to examine the spec sheets from lens makers to review whether an affordable standard lens is sufficient or whether a foray into the higher-end lenses is needed.
Lens properties like distortion, resolution (described using the MTF curve), chromatic aberration and the spectral range for which a lens has been optimized, serve as additional selection criteria.
There are for example special lenses for near infrared, extreme wide angle lenses ('fisheye‘) and telecentric lenses that are specially suited for length measurements. These lenses typically come at a high price, though.
Here too the rule is: Tests and sample shots are the best way to clear up open questions.